storage R&D guy.
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分类: 服务器与存储
2015-08-07 10:28:54
分析的ceph版本是ceph-0.41。
CRUSH头文件的包含关系
定义了crush_rule、crush_bucket、crush_bucket_uniform、crush_bucket_list、crush_bucket_tree、crush_bucket_straw、crush_map等数据结构。
其中crush_bucket结构
struct crush_bucket {
__s32 id; /* this'll be negative */
__u16 type; /* non-zero; type=0 is reserved for devices */
__u8 alg; /* one of CRUSH_BUCKET_* */
__u8 hash; /* which hash function to use, CRUSH_HASH_* */
__u32 weight; /* 16-bit fixed point */
__u32 size; /* num items */ //假如size为0,说明它不包含item。
__s32 *items; //数组,它包含item的id,这些id可能都是负数,也可能都是自然数。
//假如是负数,表示它包含的item都是bucket,假如是自然数,表示它的item都是device。
/*
* cached random permutation: used for uniform bucket and for
* the linear search fallback for the other bucket types.
*/
__u32 perm_x; /* @x for which *perm is defined */
__u32 perm_n; /* num elements of *perm that are permuted/defined */
__u32 *perm;
};
构造、操作 crush_map、rule、bucket。
使用Robert Jenkins的HASH算法,地址是
包含了CrushWrapper类(这个类是Crush算法的包装类),主要包括对item、rule、map、bucket的操作,还有encode和decode操作,把一些参数编码成为bufferlist,或者把bufferlist解码成原参数。最重要的是do_rule函数,该函数根据rule、PG号等一些参数返回多个OSD。
假设我组建一套存储系统,有3个机架(host),每个机架上有4台主机(host),每个主机上有2个磁盘(device),则一共有24个磁盘。预计的扩展方式是添加主机或者添加机架。
我们的bucket有三种: root、rack、host。root包含的item是rack,root的结构是straw。rack包含的item是host,rack的结构是tree。host包括的item是device,host的结构式uniform。这是因为每个host包括的device的数量和权重是一定的,不会改变,因此要为host选择uniform结构,这样计算速度最快。
执行下面的命令,得到crush_map
# crushtool --num_osds 24 -o crushmap --build host uniform 2 rack tree 4 root straw 0
# crushtool -d crushmap -o flat.txt
查看crush_map
root@ceph-01:~# cat flat.txt
# begin crush map
# devices
device 0 device0
device 1 device1
device 2 device2
device 3 device3
device 4 device4
device 5 device5
device 6 device6
device 7 device7
device 8 device8
device 9 device9
device 10 device10
device 11 device11
device 12 device12
device 13 device13
device 14 device14
device 15 device15
device 16 device16
device 17 device17
device 18 device18
device 19 device19
device 20 device20
device 21 device21
device 22 device22
device 23 device23
# types
type 0 device
type 1 host
type 2 rack
type 3 root
# buckets
host host0 {
id -1 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device0 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device1 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
host host1 {
id -2 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device2 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device3 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
host host2 {
id -3 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device4 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device5 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
host host3 {
id -4 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device6 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device7 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
host host4 {
id -5 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device8 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device9 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
host host5 {
id -6 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device10 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device11 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
host host6 {
id -7 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device12 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device13 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
host host7 {
id -8 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device14 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device15 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
host host8 {
id -9 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device16 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device17 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
host host9 {
id -10 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device18 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device19 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
host host10 {
id -11 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device20 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device21 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
host host11 {
id -12 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 2.000
alg uniform # do not change bucket size (2) unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item device22 weight 1.000 pos 0
item device23 weight 1.000 pos 1
}
rack rack0 {
id -13 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 8.000
alg tree # do not change pos for existing items unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item host0 weight 2.000 pos 0
item host1 weight 2.000 pos 1
item host2 weight 2.000 pos 2
item host3 weight 2.000 pos 3
}
rack rack1 {
id -14 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 8.000
alg tree # do not change pos for existing items unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item host4 weight 2.000 pos 0
item host5 weight 2.000 pos 1
item host6 weight 2.000 pos 2
item host7 weight 2.000 pos 3
}
rack rack2 {
id -15 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 8.000
alg tree # do not change pos for existing items unnecessarily
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item host8 weight 2.000 pos 0
item host9 weight 2.000 pos 1
item host10 weight 2.000 pos 2
item host11 weight 2.000 pos 3
}
root root {
id -16 # do not change unnecessarily
# weight 24.000
alg straw
hash 0 # rjenkins1
item rack0 weight 8.000
item rack1 weight 8.000
item rack2 weight 8.000
}
# rules
rule data {
ruleset 1
type replicated
min_size 2
max_size 2
step take root
step chooseleaf firstn 0 type host
step emit
}
# end crush map
crush_map结构中的buckets成员是bucket结构指针数组,buckets成员保存了上面这些bucket结构的指针。上面这些bucket结构的指针在buckets中的下标是 [-1-id]。buckets数组的元素如下所示。
{ &host0, &host1, &host2, … , &host11, &rack0, &rack1, &rack2, &root}
| POS | 1 | … | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| &BUCKET | &host0 | &host1 | … | &host11 | &rack0 | &rack1 | &rack2 | &root |
| &BUCKED_ID | -1 | -2 | … | -12 | -13 | -14 | -15 | -16 |
bucket的id使用负数是为了和device区分,因为bucket的item可以是device,也可以是bucket。比如host0的item数组中包含的元素是{0, 1},它们是device0、device1。而rack2的item数组中包含的元素是{-9, -10, -11, -12},它们是host8、host9、host10、host11。
它的数据分配rule包括3条step。
step take root
step chooseleaf firstn 0 type host
step emit
它的副本数是2。
根据参数x(object_id或者是pg_id),crush_do_rule返回一组device的id(这组device用于保存object的副本)。crush_do_rule还有其他参数。
crush_do_rule函数在mapper.cc中。在第509行中,CRUSH依次执行每条step。
第一个step是”step take root”,因此CRUSH会执行512~523行,因为”root”所对应的id是-16,因此w[0] = -16,wsize = 1。
然后CRUSH执行第二条 “step chooseleaf firstn 0 type host”, CRUSH会执行525~588行代码。CRUSH执行到541行时,firstn = 1, recurse_to_leaf = 1。
因为wsize = 1, 因此542行的循环只执行一次。
执行到568行时,numrep = 2, j = 0, i = 0 。
执行到569行时,会调用crush_choose函数。map->buckets[-1-w[i]] = &root。
crush_choose函数的参数如下所示
crush_choose会找到2个host,并在每个host中找到一个device。
当crush_choose第一次执行到356行时,in是&root bucket,r = 0。调用crush_bucket_choose函数。
crush_bucket_choose函数根据root的类型,选择调用bucket_straw_choose函数。假设bucket_straw_choose函数经过计算在&root中选择了&rack0,并返回rack0的id(-13)。
crush_choose函数执行到367行时,判断rack0的type是否是”host”,因为rack0的type是”rack”,因此CRUSH会再次执行322~356行的代码,并调用crush_bucket_choose函数。crush_bucket_choose函数根据rack0的类型,选择调用bucket_tree_choose函数。假设bucket_tree_choose函数经过计算在rack0中选择host2,并返回host2的id(-3)。
因为recurse_to_leaf是1,因此CRUSH会执行384~399行,在host2中选择一个device(假设是device4),并把device的id放到out2数组中。
CRUSH第二次执行365行时,in是&root bucket,r = 1。这次过程不再复述,假设CRUSH在root中选择了rack1,在rack1